Fairy rings increased plant growth and biomass by boosting soil nitrogen and nutrient availability, allowing fast-growing grasses to dominate and grow taller in affected zones . At the same time, biodiversity dropped at the ring edge as a few species outcompeted others, while different zones of the ring created distinct plant communities across just a few meters . In real terms: fungi act like underground fertilizer bands, making some areas more productive but less diverse, while reshaping the entire landscape pattern over time.