Shiitake mushrooms (Lentinula edodes) significantly improved learning and memory in mice with scopolamine-induced cognitive decline. At both 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg doses, the mushroom extract reduced transfer latency in maze tests, increased time spent in the target quadrant, and lowered acetylcholinesterase activity—indicating higher acetylcholine levels. These results suggest shiitake may offer nootropic and neuroprotective benefits for brain health.